爆料TV

Looking back at 100 years of flight

路Natalie Morin

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The aerospace industry today is looking to push the boundaries of air travel in unprecedented ways. Airplane manufacturers like Boeing as well as up-and-coming startups have suggested work on supersonic air travel, almost 15 years after the last flight of , a turbojet-powered supersonic passenger airliner. Whereas a mere 50 years ago, the idea of traveling to a faraway destination required weeks or months, technology has developed in such a way today that the idea of going from does not seem so far-fetched.

With this in mind, 爆料TV took a look at how the last 100 years of flight in America has developed over time. To compile historical data on American aviation starting in the 1950s and 1960s, 爆料TV used information from the , the International Civil Aviation Organization and Civil Aviation Statistics of the World (), and the U.S. Defense Manpower Data Center ( and ).

Read on about the historical events in aviation that helped shape travel as it's known today.

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1 / 101

1917

Three years since the service took flight in 1914, the U.S. government decided to transport .

2 / 101

1918

On May 14, 1918, an left Long Island, New York for Washington D.C., with a stop in Philadelphia.

3 / 101

1919

, the Post Office used planes left over from World War I to make the starting leg of the first transcontinental air service, from Chicago to Cleveland.

4 / 101

1920

It wasn鈥檛 until that the aircraft managed the difficult challenge of flying past the Rocky Mountains and the route was fully completed. According to Avjobs, by using airplanes, 鈥渢he Post Office was able to shave 22 hours off coast-to-coast mail deliveries.鈥�

5 / 101

1921

Americans began trying to solve the issue of not being able to fly at night in 1921. That year, the over an 80-mile distance that were visible to pilots to guide them at night.

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6 / 101

1922

The Army had originally taken charge of operating the beacons and overall guidance system, but the .

7 / 101

1923

The beacons were first placed between Columbus and Dayton, Ohio, and then in between Chicago and Cheyenne, Wyoming. This new system was at least two days faster than delivering mail by train.

8 / 101

1924

By mid-decade the Post Office was flying per year.

9 / 101

1925

In the first step toward the eventual privatization of the airline industry, the government , which allowed the government to transfer airmail to private companies.

10 / 101

1926

This year President Calvin Coolidge's government worked to develop a national aviation policy, which became the . This allowed the Secretary of Commerce to designate air routes, develop air navigation systems, license pilots and aircraft, and investigate accidents.

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11 / 101

1927

On May 20, 1927, , from New York to Paris. It took 33 hours, 29 minutes, and 30 seconds.

12 / 101

1928

Lindbergh鈥檚 successful flight sparked excitement about the aviation industry, and in the two years following, .]

13 / 101

1929

The number of air passengers in the country鈥攚hich were mostly made up of businessmen鈥攇rew from a measly .

14 / 101

1930

鈥�known as the Watres Act鈥�that allowed the Post Office to base airmail rates on space or volume instead of weight.

16 / 101

1932

From 1928 through 1932, the plane used by most U.S. airlines was the , which had .

17 / 101

1933

Until the 1930s, airlines that touted routes solely for passenger travel . But in 1933 the first modern passenger airliner, the 10-passenger Boeing 247, was built.

18 / 101

1934

President Franklin Roosevelt sought to fix conflict among small and larger airlines by turning airmail back over to the Army, but too many accidents by pilots unfamiliar with routes caused the government to rethink this move. sought to return airmail transport to the private sector鈥攂ut this time with more regulations that forced companies to consider building up the passenger side of their businesses.

19 / 101

1935

was built in what is now New Jersey鈥檚 Newark International Airport.

20 / 101

1936

The with American Airlines as the first 21-person aircraft that made passenger air travel profitable. It became the most used plane in the country.]

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21 / 101

1937

Pressurized cabins had not yet been developed, so many airlines had to deal with queasy passengers and .

22 / 101

1938

created the government鈥檚 Civil Aeronautics Authority, which helped regulate and instill order in the industry, as well as develop it long-term.

23 / 101

1939

When Hitler invaded Poland in 1939, were in the United States. That number exploded throughout the course of World War II to about the creation of 50,000 planes per year.

24 / 101

1940

The development of a few years before the war, and by 1940, radar transceivers along the U.K.鈥檚 east coast could detect German aircraft as it took off鈥攆rom mainland Europe.

26 / 101

1942

British pilot Frank Whittle in 1930 and 12 years later sent the first prototype to General Electric across the Atlantic.

27 / 101

1943

Thanks to Whittle鈥檚 design, , the Bell P-59, in 1943.

28 / 101

1944

In December of this year, the landmark by 54 nations in Chicago to continue the development of international air travel safely and orderly. The Chicago Convention also planned establishment of the International Civil Aviation Organization to support a growing global transport network.

29 / 101

1945

Lufthansa, after having been the airline to carry out the by a land-based aircraft in 1938, had its service suspended in 1945 due to the war. But it was given new life in 1953鈥�鈥�54.听

31 / 101

1947

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 305,827 people

On Sept. 18, 1947, .

32 / 101

1948

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 387,730 people

鈥�about half of them combat aircraft鈥�down from 68,400 aircraft at the end of the war in 1945.

33 / 101

1949

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 419,347 people

The United States from two to seven in 1949.

34 / 101

1950

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 411,277 people

President Harry S. Truman .

35 / 101

1951

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 788,381 people

The English Electric Canberra made the , taking a mere 4 hours, 37 minutes.

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36 / 101

1952

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 983,261 people

The British jet 鈥淐omet鈥� flying from London to Johannesburg, South Africa.

37 / 101

1953

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 977,593 people

The 鈥�50s were a time in which passengers paid what many would consider exorbitant prices for in-flight luxuries. A one-way flight to Europe was known to be in today's dollars.

38 / 101

1954

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 947,918 people

According to the Huffington Post, a 鈥渕andated that stewardesses be single, stay under 125 pounds, and maintain 鈥榟igh moral standards鈥� during employment.鈥�

39 / 101

1955

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 959,946 people

Passengers during this time also to fly and could get to the airport before takeoff.

41 / 101

1957

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 919,835 people

Another luxury of 鈥�50s air travel was space鈥攅conomy was more like today鈥檚 business class, with 3鈥�6 inches more legroom than what passengers get today.

42 / 101

1958

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 871,156 people

The number of accidents caused by overcrowdedness led to Congress鈥檚 passage of and establishment of the Federal Aviation Agency, a safety regulatory agency.

43 / 101

1959

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 840,435 people

A journalist from June of 1959, which stated that the price of a 12-hour trip from Los Angeles to New York cost $168.40鈥�$1,225 when adjusted for inflation.

44 / 101

1960

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 814,752 people

In 1960, in the U.S. after winning a discrimination case against Capital Airlines. Ruth Carol Taylor was actually the first African-American flight attendant, which occurred as a response after Banks brought suit against the airline.

46 / 101

1962

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 884,025 people

in an aircraft, when a helicopter was shot down by enemy troops in Vietnam.

47 / 101

1963

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 869,431 people

In a plane crash near Camden, Tennessee, , Cowboy Copas, Hawkshaw Hawkins, and one more person were killed.

48 / 101

1964

Average domestic airline fare: $36.66 (inflation-adjusted: $289.36)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 856,798 people

On April 11, 1964, to successfully pilot a plane around the world.

49 / 101

1965

Average domestic airline fare: $36.81 (inflation-adjusted: $285.97)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 824,662 people

On March 18, 1965, took the first space walk.

51 / 101

1967

Average domestic airline fare: $36.97 (inflation-adjusted: $270.83)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 897,494 people

In October, on the planet Venus.

52 / 101

1968

Average domestic airline fare: $37.74 (inflation-adjusted: $265.37)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 904,850 people

In December, Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders became the .

53 / 101

1969

Average domestic airline fare: $40.52 (inflation-adjusted: $270.20)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 862,353 people

This year marked the history-altering date when first humans, , landed on the moon.

54 / 101

1970

Number of passengers carried: 163,448,992 people

Average domestic airline fare: $43.77 (inflation-adjusted: $276.06)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 791,349 people

Pan American World Airway鈥檚 seated as many as 450 passengers. It was 80% bigger than the largest jet up until that time, called the DC-8.

56 / 101

1972

Number of passengers carried: 191,325,408 people

Average domestic airline fare: $48.10 (inflation-adjusted: $281.60)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 725,838 people

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration, known as for the first time.

57 / 101

1973

Number of passengers carried: 202,309,200 people

Average domestic airline fare: $49.80 (inflation-adjusted: $274.49)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 691,182 people

as the first female pilot hired for a commercial airline鈥�Frontier Airlines.

58 / 101

1974

Number of passengers carried: 207,612,400 people

Average domestic airline fare: $53.98 (inflation-adjusted: $267.93)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 643,970 people

to qualify as a pilot for the U.S. Army.

59 / 101

1975

Number of passengers carried: 204,900,400 people

Average domestic airline fare: $58.78 (inflation-adjusted: $267.33)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 612,751 people

In a show of peace, 鈥�known as the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project鈥�took place.

61 / 101

1977

Number of passengers carried: 240,144,992 people

Average domestic airline fare: $67.28 (inflation-adjusted: $271.69)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 570,695 people

A horrific accident between a caused 234 and 317 passenger deaths, respectively, as well as 14 crew members of the KLM plane.

62 / 101

1978

Number of passengers carried: 273,025,504 people

Average domestic airline fare: $70.38 (inflation-adjusted: $264.13)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 569,712 people

With the , Congress ended the government鈥檚 regulation of airline prices and routes.

63 / 101

1979

Number of passengers carried: 313,624,000 people

Average domestic airline fare: $76.10 (inflation-adjusted: $256.49)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 559,455 people

Congress passed the , providing resources to assure more safety and quiet flights.

64 / 101

1980

Number of passengers carried: 295,329,088 people

Average domestic airline fare: $105.18 (inflation-adjusted: $312.34)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 557,969 people

The , the Solar Challenger, which was designed by American , flew successfully.

66 / 101

1982

Number of passengers carried: 290,992,608 people

Average domestic airline fare: $146.01 (inflation-adjusted: $370.25)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 582,845 people

The was completed by Americans H. Ross Perot Jr. and Jay Coburn.

67 / 101

1983

Number of passengers carried: 315,600,096 people

Average domestic airline fare: $154.36 (inflation-adjusted: $379.25)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 592,044 people

This year was of the aviation industry: Guy Bluford became the first African-American astronaut and Sally Ride became the first American female astronaut.

68 / 101

1984

Number of passengers carried: 340,191,488 people

Average domestic airline fare: $163.64 (inflation-adjusted: $385.41)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 597,125 people

made the solo transatlantic balloon flight, from Carbon, Maine, to Savona, Italy.

69 / 101

1985

Number of passengers carried: 372,059,104 people

Average domestic airline fare: $174.01 (inflation-adjusted: $395.72)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 601,515 people

This year marked the .

70 / 101

1986

Number of passengers carried: 414,554,496 people

Average domestic airline fare: $181.12 (inflation-adjusted: $404.39)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 608,199 people

On Jan. 28, 1986, the killed seven astronauts. Later investigations revealed it wasn't exactly an explosion: "."

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71 / 101

1987

Number of passengers carried: 441,832,704 people

Average domestic airline fare: $189.94 (inflation-adjusted: $409.14)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 607,035 people

in February of this year.

72 / 101

1988

Number of passengers carried: 454,202,912 people

Average domestic airline fare: $192.10 (inflation-adjusted: $397.36)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 576,446 people

Despite the harrowing event of the Challenger incident two years prior, made its first flight.

73 / 101

1989

Number of passengers carried: 453,161,504 people

Average domestic airline fare: $203.55 (inflation-adjusted: $401.68)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 570,880 people

The first satellite to measure radiation named Cosmic Background Explorer, was launched.

74 / 101

1990

Number of passengers carried: 464,574,016 people

Average domestic airline fare: $229.54 (inflation-adjusted: $429.74)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 535,233 people

was deployed in April of 1990, which NASA says 鈥�.鈥�

76 / 101

1992

Number of passengers carried: 466,964,992 people

Average domestic airline fare: $240.05 (inflation-adjusted: $418.68)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 470,315 people

In May, the , allowing the first three-person spacewalk.

77 / 101

1993

Number of passengers carried: 469,926,112 people

Average domestic airline fare: $276.40 (inflation-adjusted: $468.06)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 444,351 people

On April 28, 1993, the U.S. Secretary of Defense were permitted to enter combat.

78 / 101

1994

Number of passengers carried: 514,924,000 people

Average domestic airline fare: $286.92 (inflation-adjusted: $473.75)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 426,327 people

Vicki Van Meter to pilot a transatlantic flight at 12 years old.

79 / 101

1995

Number of passengers carried: 533,512,096 people

Average domestic airline fare: $293.42 (inflation-adjusted: $471.12)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 400,409 people

into service, the longest long-range wide-body twin jets in the world.

81 / 101

1997

Number of passengers carried: 590,571,392 people

Average domestic airline fare: $288.39 (inflation-adjusted: $439.69)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 377,385 people

NASA's Mars Pathfinder and Sojourner Rover for the first time in order to perform geological research.

82 / 101

1998

Number of passengers carried: 588,170,880 people

Average domestic airline fare: $307.77 (inflation-adjusted: $462.03)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 367,468 people

The Hubble Space Telescope, launched eight years before, of a planet outside of Earth鈥檚 solar system.

83 / 101

1999

Number of passengers carried: 634,364,608 people

Average domestic airline fare: $325.71 (inflation-adjusted: $478.40)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 360,510 people

The with AirTran Airways, with twin engines and a single aisle.

84 / 101

2000

Number of passengers carried: 665,327,414 people

Average domestic airline fare: $339.62 (inflation-adjusted: $482.60)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 355,601 people

In November 2000, Commander Yuri Gidzenko, Commander Bill Shepherd, and flight engineer Sergei Krikalev became the on the International Space Station.

85 / 101

2001

Number of passengers carried: 622,187,846 people

Average domestic airline fare: $324.20 (inflation-adjusted: $447.94)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 363,692 people

, the International Space Station celebrated its first birthday, and Polly Vacher became the first woman to travel around the world in a small plane via the Pacific Ocean.

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86 / 101

2002

Number of passengers carried: 598,410,415 people

Average domestic airline fare: $314.78 (inflation-adjusted: $428.17)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 369,112 people

On Nov. 26, 2002, Commander John B. Herrington became the to take a space walk, thanks to the space shuttle Endeavour.

87 / 101

2003

Number of passengers carried: 588,997,110 people

Average domestic airline fare: $316.21 (inflation-adjusted: $420.52)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 375,859 people

The Concorde made its on Oct. 24, 2003. This year also marked the 100th anniversary of the first controlled flight.

88 / 101

2004

Number of passengers carried: 678,110,608 people

Average domestic airline fare: $308.09 (inflation-adjusted: $399.10)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 376,813 people

shared his vision for the future of NASA and space exploration, which included plans to retire the International Space Station by 2010 and return to the moon by 2020. Ultimately, President Bush said, the next steps would be 鈥渉uman missions to Mars and to worlds beyond.鈥�

89 / 101

2005

Number of passengers carried: 720,547,738 people

Average domestic airline fare: $307.54 (inflation-adjusted: $385.33)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 353,696 people

The world record for the was set by a Boeing 777-200LR Worldliner. It flew from Hong Kong to London in 22 hours and 42 minutes.

90 / 101

2006

Number of passengers carried: 725,530,965 people

Average domestic airline fare: $327.91 (inflation-adjusted: $398.01)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 348,953 people

The International Space Station , Anousheh Ansari, on board for eight days. She was doing human physiology tests for the European Space Agency.

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91 / 101

2007

Number of passengers carried: 744,302,310 people

Average domestic airline fare: $324.57 (inflation-adjusted: $383.12)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 333,495 people

for Singapore Airlines as the largest commercial airplane in the world, making its first stops in New York and Los Angeles.

92 / 101

2008

Number of passengers carried: 701,779,551 people

Average domestic airline fare: $343.02 (inflation-adjusted: $389.86)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 327,382 people

This year was . The Expedition 16鈥檚 return marked the first time women were the dominant sex on a spacecraft, with Commander Peggy Whitson, flight engineer Yuri Malenchenko, and spaceflight participant So-yeon Yi on board. Whitson was the first female commander of the International Space Station and broke the record for the longest time spent in space for a U.S. astronaut鈥�377 days.

93 / 101

2009

Number of passengers carried: 679,423,408 people

Average domestic airline fare: $311.46 (inflation-adjusted: $355.31)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 333,408 people

the Hubble Space Telescope鈥檚 last servicing mission and the last non-International Space Station shuttle flight.

94 / 101

2010

Number of passengers carried: 720,497,000 people

Average domestic airline fare: $334.93 (inflation-adjusted: $375.77)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 334,198 people

and achieved Earth orbit during the summer of 2010, instilling confidence in the future of a privatized aerospace industry.

96 / 101

2012

Number of passengers carried: 736,699,000 people

Average domestic airline fare: $376.62 (inflation-adjusted: $401.39)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 332,834 people

In September 2012, space shuttle Endeavour on top of a Boeing 747 from Florida to Los Angeles, effectively ending the 30-year NASA shuttle program.

97 / 101

2013

Number of passengers carried: 743,171,000 people

Average domestic airline fare: $379.99 (inflation-adjusted: $399.08)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 330,485 people

The Airbus A350 while more than 10,000 spectators watched, ending eight years of service and costing about $15 billion.

98 / 101

2014

Number of passengers carried: 762,710,000 people

Average domestic airline fare: $390.54 (inflation-adjusted: $403.74)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 316,332 people

in 2014 called the New Commercial Spaceflight Initiative. This would allow companies to have more access and use of NASA鈥檚 resources in order to further the U.S. aerospace industry and objectives.

99 / 101

2015

Number of passengers carried: 798,222,000 people

Average domestic airline fare: $378.43 (inflation-adjusted: $390.73)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 311,357 people

were taken by New Horizons as it conducted a flyby, revealing that the 鈥減lanet鈥� was larger than was believed.

100 / 101

2016

Number of passengers carried: 824,039,000 people

Average domestic airline fare: $352.42 (inflation-adjusted: $359.32)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 317,883 people

The United Nations' International Civil Aviation Organization in an effort to address climate change. Later in the year, to land a spent rocket booster on a ship at sea after four unsuccessful attempts.

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101 / 101

2017

Number of passengers carried: 849,403,000 people

Average domestic airline fare: $347.86 (inflation-adjusted: $347.86)

Strength of U.S. Air Force: 322,787 people

In 2017, consumers used and benefited from air travel more than ever, and spent about 1% of the world gross domestic product on air transport, . In addition, for commercial passenger air travel, with zero accident deaths.